AFFIRMATIVE AGREEMENT (so.
too. and also)
Sebenarnya kata so, too,
dan also mempunyai arti yang sama yaitu juga, pula, pun. Tapi
dalam penggunaannya terdapat perbedaan, so digunakan sebelum tobe(s)
dan auxilliaries (kata bantu).
Example:
1.My wife will
talk to him and so will I
2.My wife has
talked about it, and so have I
3.My wife talked
about it, and so did I
4.My wife is
talking about it, and so am I
Sedangkan too dan also digunakan
setelah tobe(s) dan auxilliaries.
Example:
1.My wife will
talk to him and I will too
2.My wife has
talked about it, and I have too
3.My wife talked
about it, and I did also
4.My wife is
talking about it, and I am also
NEGATIVE AGREEMENT (neither and either)
Hampir sama dengan penjelasan affirmative agreement di
atas, neither dan either memiliki arti yang sama yaitu: tidak keduanya, atau
kedua-duanya tidak. Untuk neither digunakan sebelum
auxilliary verb, for example:
1.My roommate
won't go, and neither will I
2.My roommate hasn't
gone, and neither have I
3.My roommate
doesn't go, and neither do I
4.My roommate isn't
going, and neither am I
Dan untuk either digunakan setelah
auxilliary verb dan kata "not", for example:
1.My roommate
won't go, and I won't(will not) either
2.My roommate
hasn't gone, and I haven't either
3.My roommate
doesn't go, and I don't either
4.My roommate
isn't going, and I am not either
Hal lain yang harus diperhatikan yaitu untuk pemakaian tobe dan auxilliaries
setelah kata "..and.." harus sesuai dengan tobe
dan auxilliaries yang digunakan di awal kalimat, seperti :
1.My wife is talking
about it, and so am I
2.My wife has talked
about it, and I have too
3.My
roommate won't go, and neither will I
4.My
roommate doesn't go, and I don't either
2. Negation
: Neither, Either, Hardly,
Barely,
Rarely, Seldom, etc
NEGATION
Negation adalah bentuk pernyataan negatif. Walaupun
hal ini tidak begitu asing, namun di bawah ini akan kami jelaskan bentuk-bentuk
negation, atau bentuk-bentuk bagaimana membentuk suatu pernyataan negatif.
1.Dengan
Kata Kerja (VERB)
a.With
a simple form:
Subject + (The negative of the auxiliary DO (or MODALS)) + simple form.
Examples:
- I don't know
- We didn't see (Not I didn't saw)
- He couldn't stay
b.With
a past participle:
Subject + (The negative of the auxiliaries BE or HAVE) + past participle.
Examples:
- They haven't seen
- She wasn't driving
- You hadn't forgotten
2.Dengan
Kata Benda (NOUN)
Jangan gunakan 2 kali Negation dalam 1 kalimat yang sama.
Contoh:
I
do not see no evidence. (SALAH)
a.Positive
sentences:
No+ noun
Examples:
- I see no evidence
- No one is concerned
b.Negative
sentences:
Examples:
- I do not see any evidence
- They are not concerned
Either
and neither function in simple statement much like “so” and “”too” in
affirmative sentences. However, either and neither are used to indicate
negative agreement. The same rules for auxilaries, be and do, does or did
apply.
Contoh
Kalimat lainnya:
1.The
manager isn’t too happy with the project, and neither is his assistant.
2.We
can’t study in the library, and he can’t either.
3. You
didn’t pay the taxes, and they didn’t either.
4. My
Brother won’t accept my father’s decision, and my sister won’t either.
5. He
doesn’t know the answer, and neither does she.
Negative statement + and + [ S +
negative auxiliary or be + either]
Negative statement + and + [ neither + positive auxiliary or be + S ]
Examples:
I didn’t see Bella this morning. Edward didn’t see Bella this morning
I didn’t see Bella this morning and Edward didn’t either.
I didn’t see Bella this morning and neither did Edward.
Additional examples:
1. The children shouldn’t take that medicine, and neither should she.
2. We don’t plan to attend the concert, and neither do they.
3. I don’t like tennis, and he doesn’t either.
4. She didn’t see anyone she knew, and neither did Tim.
5. The Yankees couldn’t play due to the bad weather, and neither could the
Angels.
6. Mary can’t type well, and her sister
can’t either.
7. I’m not interested in reading that book, and neither is she.
8. They won’t have to work on weekends, and we won’t either.
9. I can’t stand listening to that music, and she can’t either.
10. Michael doesn’t speak English, and his family doesn’t either.
11. That scientist isn’t too happy with the project, and neither are her
supervisors.
12. We can’t study in the library, and they can’t either.
13. I haven’t worked there long, and neither have you.
14. You didn’t pay the rent, and she didn’t either.
15. They didn’t want anything to drink, and neither did we.
16. John shouldn’t run so fast, and neither should you.
17. The students won’t accept the dean’s decision, and the faculty won’t
either.
18. Your class hasn’t begun yet, and neither has mine.
19. She couldn’t attend the lecture, and her sister couldn’t either.
20. He didn’t know the answer, and neither did I
3.Commands
: Negative commands,
Negative
Indirect Commands
COMMANDS (Kalimat
Perintah)
Dalam bahasa inggris, kalimat perintah (Commands),
selalu dimulai dengan kata kerja yang berbentuk“Infinitive – tanpa to” jika
tidak ada kata kerja, kiat menggunakan “Be + Adjectives”
Contoh :
1.Open your book!
2.Clean the
blackboard!
3.Show me your
book!
4.Light a candle!
5.Be careful!
NEGATIVE COMMANDS (Kalimat
Larangan)
Kalimat larangan (Negative Commands) dimulai
dengan ” Don’t + Infinitive – tanpa – to “ jika tidak ada kata
kerja, kita menggunakan “ Don’t be + Adjectives “
Contoh :
1.Don’t make
noise!
2.Don’t read this
letter!
3.Don’t lock the
door!
4.Don’t be
naughty!
5.Don’t be angry!
